We celebrate 8 March as a special day for women as “International Women’s Day”
1. When did it all start?
International Women’s Day grew out of the labour movement to become a UN-recognised annual event.
The seeds of it were planted in 1908, when 15,000 women marched through New York City demanding shorter working hours, better pay and the right to vote. It was the Socialist Party of America who declared the first National Woman’s Day, a year later.
The idea to make the day international came from a woman called Clara Zetkin. She suggested the idea in 1910 at an International Conference of Working Women in Copenhagen. There were 100 women there, from 17 countries, and they agreed on her suggestion unanimously.
2. When is it?
8 March. Clara’s idea for an International Women’s Day had no fixed date. It wasn’t formalised until a war-time strike in 1917 when Russian women demanded “bread and peace” – and four days into the women’s strike the Tsar was forced to abdicate and the provisional government granted women the right to vote. The date when the women’s strike commenced on the Julian calendar, which was then in use in Russia, was Sunday 23 February. This day in the Gregorian calendar was 8 March – and that’s when it’s celebrated today.
3. Is there an International Men’s Day?
There is indeed, on 19 November. But it has only been marked since the 1990s and isn’t recognised by the UN. People celebrate it in more than 60 countries, including the UK. The objectives of the day are “to focus attention on men’s and boys’ health, improve gender relations, promote gender equality and highlight positive male role models”. The theme for 2018 was “Positive Male Role Models”.
4. How is Women’s Day celebrated around the world?
International Women’s Day is a national holiday in many countries, including Russia where the sales of flowers doubles during the three or four days around 8 March.
In China, many women are given a half-day off work on 8 March, as advised by the State Council, although many employers don’t always pass the half day on to their female employees.
In Italy, International Women’s Day, or la Festa della Donna, is celebrated by the giving of mimosa blossom. The origin of this tradition is unclear but it is believed to have started in Rome after World War II.
In the US, the month of March is Women’s History Month. A presidential proclamation issued every year honours the achievements of American women.
